<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:media="http://search.yahoo.com/mrss/"><channel><title><![CDATA[Chris' Blog]]></title><description><![CDATA[Chris' Blog]]></description><link>http://chrsphr.co.uk/</link><image><url>http://chrsphr.co.uk/favicon.png</url><title>Chris&apos; Blog</title><link>http://chrsphr.co.uk/</link></image><generator>Ghost 1.19</generator><lastBuildDate>Wed, 22 Nov 2023 00:53:10 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="http://chrsphr.co.uk/rss/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><ttl>60</ttl><item><title><![CDATA[12 points from Sweden go to the AI]]></title><description><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><p>The GPT-2 neural network created by OpenAI is a massive model that has been trained on a huge dataset of text from sites like Reddit. The AI is so good at generating text, the researchers actually haven't released a fully trained model because they fear it would be <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/7/20953040/openai-text-generation-ai-gpt-2-full-model-release-1-5b-parameters">too easy</a></p></div>]]></description><link>http://chrsphr.co.uk/12-points-from-sweden-go-to-the-ai/</link><guid isPermaLink="false">5fe78a7b2da37d05e9a0acc5</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Chris Jennings]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sat, 26 Dec 2020 20:30:10 GMT</pubDate><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><p>The GPT-2 neural network created by OpenAI is a massive model that has been trained on a huge dataset of text from sites like Reddit. The AI is so good at generating text, the researchers actually haven't released a fully trained model because they fear it would be <a href="https://www.theverge.com/2019/11/7/20953040/openai-text-generation-ai-gpt-2-full-model-release-1-5b-parameters">too easy to use for malicious purposes</a>.<br>
What they have released, however, are smaller, slimmed down versions of GPT that are partially trained, but can be further optimised on a dataset of your choice.<br>
To that end, I decided to see if I could teach an AI to write Eurovision songs.</p>
<h2 id="methodology">Methodology</h2>
<p>Neural networks need large amounts of text to train on, fortunately, OpenAI have done the hard work and ran likely terabytes of text through GPT to give an AI that is already quite good at writing text. You can actually see a generic GPT model in action <a href="https://app.inferkit.com/demo">here</a> - provide the bot with a prompt and it will auto complete the setence for you.</p>
<p><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2020/12/Screenshot-2020-12-26-195112.jpg" alt="Screenshot-2020-12-26-195112"></p>
<p>Given the source data is very broad, it's not particularly Euro-vish</p>
<p><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2020/12/Screenshot-2020-12-26-195206.jpg" alt="Screenshot-2020-12-26-195206"></p>
<p>Seems more suited to negotiting a trade agreement than making it through to the Grand Final.</p>
<p>With GPT2, it's possible to finetune the model on a more specific data source - in our case, the lyrics to every eurovison song from the past ten years. This includes songs in English and other languages - my hope was it would give a proper eurovision style mix of multiple tongues.</p>
<p>Given the model is already quite good at generating text, it gets into the swing of creating lyrics quite quickly - recognising that it needs a verse, chorus etc... though not always in the right order</p>
<p><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2020/12/Screenshot-2020-12-26-195556.jpg" alt="Screenshot-2020-12-26-195556"></p>
<p>Once trained, the model was then given the prompt &quot;Song Title:&quot; and allowed to generate the text it thought would follow</p>
<h2 id="results">Results</h2>
<p>Below are a few select outputs from the Eurovision trained model.</p>
<h3 id="orbit">Orbit</h3>
<p><em>Science fiction, historical fiction<br>
(Doesn't matter what?) It's all the same<br>
(Look, don't be afraid) it's the same<br>
(Sometimes I do, sometimes I don't) And in terms of feeling, it's – oh, hey hey<br>
‘Cause I’ve had it both ways, I keep it on my mind<br>
(What I want, what I need)<br>
If your love's strong, I can «reat» you better<br>
That's what I wish for<br>
But there's always next week, late night tango<br>
Baby sitka</em></p>
<p><em>(Howling winds, before they blow) Will’t you try to kiss me?<br>
(That's when it’s cool) Can’t you pretend?<br>
(Scoo, baby) The sun why don’t you come out?<br>
(I know what I’m doing) I'll make you dance, Oh</em></p>
<p><em>Come on, honey, come on and kiss me<br>
Come on, honey, come on and kiss me so hard<br>
Come on baby, come on, you come on<br>
Baby sitka</em></p>
<p><em>Love, love is awesome<br>
(Scold back a kiss, don’t shut down) Love is awesome<br>
I‘ll make you dance, Oh<br>
Wooo!!!</em></p>
<p><em>Then there’s space, we go deeper<br>
And we find our orbit<br>
Dancing moon in a dance studio<br>
Love rocket ship to the stars<br>
Dancing baby to parrot</em></p>
<p><em>I‘m so in love with you<br>
I‘m running with the rocket<br>
All around planet – oh, everybody!</em></p>
<p>I wonder what a baby sitka looks like? 🤔</p>
<h3 id="vampiresofthegraves">Vampires of the graves</h3>
<p><em>Got maybe  twoa bones in my heart after all that screaming  down<br>
I'm plumbed with a thirst for blood  and the bones haven't boiled<br>
Got nausea in my soul<br>
Never give me that invective<br>
It's my record we broke<br>
The chips are falling out, the cards are stolen<br>
I ran away, storm riding on old grudge</em></p>
<p><em>I may not be the enemy … but I do have a soul</em></p>
<p><em>And I'm playing games, am playing games<br>
Game of thrones, make my rival a sad sack<br>
Game of thrones, meet my twin sister tonight<br>
My twin sister, meet my cousin any night</em></p>
<p><em>I'm dancing on broken glass, am dancing on broken glass<br>
I'll take it any night now<br>
Any night now…</em></p>
<p><em>Yeah, yeah… yeah… kinds of smells… yeah, what's up with you?<br>
Been hiding from day and night, here to stay, keep your eye on mine</em></p>
<p><em>Anytime that I call you name<br>
Let me in your heart and your soul<br>
It's all we ever used to know<br>
I'll kill that voice in my head</em></p>
<p><em>Don't throw stones, don't start a riot, I'll make it out alright<br>
Call your bluff, if you dare … make it or break it<br>
Just try, I'll make it or I'll lose it<br>
Level up your gaming reflexes<br>
You got burned in the flames, burned in the flames of doubt</em></p>
<p><em>Vampires of the graves…<br>
You'll discover me here, infest my bed<br>
Call me, don't wait, so I can heal your upset</em></p>
<p>Vampires are alive, but with a bit of Game of Thrones thrown in</p>
<h3 id="daylightsavingtime">Daylight Saving Time</h3>
<p><em>Shi-di-di-di-do-da<br>
Taya!<br>
Da-down-d-ito, rain-te-da!<br>
Oh-ow! Bet — partition<br>
Bet – let's sing it this way<br>
Should really be sleeping together, staying together</em></p>
<p><em>Fuck yeah, bet we parched wimpy-wis-too-pansy-wimpy-haired-little-jim<br>
Yee-hawww... algoocha... bugger-jee-la...</em></p>
<p><em>Oh-ow! Sugarpya background<br>
Tu saudyaviza he-e-ux<br>
Mas ratianiya ki oli<br>
Upah-sa postane stavoe rand<br>
On tal sangat akanarate stereoty li</em></p>
<p><em>Ig strikte im near krinerryáchi zo maryonda<br>
Eto tri vill Source beijeh büszyl tâm ändro i hoti<br>
Szarboru nydraph u Seljuq...<br>
Caprodar orci tafnyyase second name<br>
Érzele cupit cytaknozai ti superionta...<br>
Koichék a un vag yàntric essësi<br>
Joochá Pharmacy híd, Michaël Toneart beejon děstreet trend<br>
Die Danse Resulten suggests</em></p>
<p><em>Ooh... ooh... karsenyud collar<br>
En Thermae Endoche Simon îoret szél toi amiázi végy<br>
Młocyaf űnykeszentny the settra pub</em></p>
<p>This is definitely a big Euro Dance number with lots of languages thrown in for no good reason</p>
<h3 id="toolateforlove">Too Late for Love</h3>
<p>[Prod. Mem. 1]<br>
<em>”Cause I can’t get the strength to go on, in your presence<br>
I can't go on, so strong, in your arms tight<br>
Waiting, searching for the very thing like I used to enjoy<br>
<em>Sultry voices</em> Hurry up, it's, it's easy (Sultry voices)</em></p>
<p><em>”Cause I can’t get the strength to go on, in your presence<br>
I can’t go on, so strong, in your arms tight<br>
Waiting, searching for the very thing like I used to have the times I had the times I wore you<br>
‘Cause I can’t get the strength to go on, in your presence<br>
I can’t go on, so strong, in your arms tight<br>
And I can’t get the strength to go on (tom, dam)<br>
I can’t get it, no, no, I can’t get it</em></p>
<p>[Chorus 1]<br>
<em>(How could I ever go back to the way things were like before?)<br>
(I‘m coming out) And I‘m queasery)<br>
(Ah, why are we doing this?)<br>
Ey, ah, hey, ey, ah, ooh, mo, mon</em></p>
<p>[Verse 2]<br>
<em>Trouble, I‘l least of all of these trials<br>
Goes deep inside my heart, in time of search<br>
No outer cover<br>
No tape, no silence, no sign, oh, mmm, mmm</em></p>
<p>All those sultry voices are making me so queasery</p>
<h3 id="knowyourenemy">Know Your Enemy</h3>
<p>[Verse 1]<br>
<em>Even if there’s stormy weather<br>
You’ my enemy no more<br>
No more masochistic berry pickin’<br>
Though west’s seen so much, today we’re gonna show that we’re taking it out</em></p>
<p>[Pre-Chorus]<br>
<em>City lights gonna show the trouble<br>
Sooner or later, the sun will go out your window</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Heart beats like an 808,000 beats like an 808,000<br>
Nine to five, five to the break drone<br>
Closing the book and flipping through the pages<br>
Million dollar question, gigantic window<br>
Five stars – what’s up, what’s up<br>
​Million dollar question, gigantic window<br>
Dog days, dog days, what’s up</em></p>
<p>[Repro-Ver-Chorus]<br>
<em>V-pu-ped, I-i-p-ped, woo!</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Beat it, beat it, beat it, beat it<br>
Out of space, we’re gonna fly, like the lion<br>
Beat it, beat it, beat it, (beat it, beat it high rollin')<br>
O-oh-oo-omega-de-ihub<br>
Strengthen your resolve, connection beats cruel<br>
Counter tranquilliser, fifty tunes of hip-hop<br>
Why, oh, why have we built this fortress?<br>
Beat it, beat it, beat it, beat it<br>
Tags— (Beat it fast, um bueno pelo di un bueno da impresa)<br>
Beat it, beat it, tough like this</em></p>
<p>Any song with a pre-chorus has got to slap</p>
<h3 id="hellofromthemoon">Hello From the Moon</h3>
<p><em>Hello, moon<br>
Show me what you're really like<br>
Don't you worry I ain't scared tonight<br>
Come on, I'm giving in 'till the sun rise again<br>
BE HAPPY, BEHAPPY<br>
Hello, moon<br>
Break new ground, I follow you and you, with sparking lights<br>
Rocket into the sky, make a smiling sign<br>
Home is where home is, where everyone should<br>
We'll fly forever</em></p>
<p><em>See the power in your art? Same here<br>
Centuries of waiting, waiting's finally paying<br>
And finally I get it<br>
Where we belong<br>
Hugo is my life, our collision is an art<br>
Love's conquerin', love's liftin' heaven's high<br>
Baby, I'm on the road not so much set out on my own<br>
I'm-I'm-I K.O. 'os, odio nos pienso 'o Cristo<br>
Together we can set sail, behold peaceful sails around the world<br>
I'm-I'm-I K.O. 'ose right now, se pa da 'intera u panela<br>
When the sun rise again<br>
Together we sail ever closer to the shore<br>
This is me and my art, and our universe's a parade<br>
Indeste noti, mundo espa ritmo dei per temposito di città<br>
See your plane lands, via which you will sail to your destination<br>
This is me, and I'm-I'm flying high above all else, intent on leaving deep in the night sky<br>
Please, stop the engines, and decompression<br>
We'll glide away, once again free to soar out into the night sky</em></p>
<p>Unsure whether this is sung as a slow one or as a proper pop number</p>
<h3 id="lovesong">Love Song</h3>
<p>[Verse 1]<br>
<em>I was alone in my room, dancing with no one<br>
When a noise filled the air, I started moving, my heart was pumping, my rhythm was searing<br>
I felt so alive when I reached the limit<br>
And I felt so alive when I reached the limit, too</em></p>
<p>[Pre-Chorus]<br>
<em>I'm never ever gonna run away, baby<br>
I'm never ever gonna hide, baby<br>
I'll always give you the things I have<br>
'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Love song, love song, love song<br>
Love song, love song, love song<br>
Love song, love song, love song</em></p>
<p>[Post-Chorus]<br>
<em>Love song, love song, love song<br>
'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you<br>
Love song, love song, love song<br>
'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you</em></p>
<p>[Verse 2]<br>
<em>I was dancing alone, dancing with no one<br>
When the music started, everyone started moving, my rhythm was searing<br>
I felt so alive when I reached the limit<br>
And I felt so alive when I reached the limit, too</em></p>
<p>[Pre-Chorus]<br>
<em>'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you<br>
'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Love song, love song, love song<br>
Love song, love song, love song<br>
'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you</em></p>
<p>[Bridge]<br>
<em>(Eureka)<br>
(Eureka)<br>
(Eureka)<br>
(Eureka)<br>
(Eureka)</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Love song, love song, love song<br>
Love song, love song, love song<br>
Love song, love song, love song<br>
'Cause I love you, I love you, I love you</em></p>
<p>Love is a pretty good topic for a Eurovision winner, and this one has it in both the pre-chorus and chorus! Plus, with a bridge like that you know this one slaps.</p>
<h3 id="clichelovesong">Cliche Love Song</h3>
<p>[Intro]<br>
<em>(Cough, cough, cough)<br>
Cough, cough, cough<br>
Cough, cough, cough</em></p>
<p>[Verse 1]<br>
<em>Woke up to dust<br>
Sweat, the place where I began<br>
Lost my soul, my body broke</em></p>
<p>[Pre-Chorus]<br>
<em>I’m a sinner, I’m a cry baby<br>
I’m a sinner, I’m a cry baby</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Cliche love song, cliche love song<br>
Woke up to dust, I’m a sinner<br>
Sick and tired of love, I’m a lonely baby<br>
Sick and tired of love, I’m a lonely baby</em></p>
<p>[Verse 2]<br>
<em>Feeling strong, I’m not scared<br>
I’m not scared of heights<br>
I’m not scared of heights<br>
I’m a sinner, I’m a cry baby</em></p>
<p>[Pre-Chorus]<br>
<em>I’m a sinner, I’m a cry baby<br>
I’m a sinner, I’m a cry baby</em></p>
<p>[Chorus]<br>
<em>Cliche love song, cliche love song<br>
Woke up to dust, I’m a sinner<br>
Sick and tired of love, I’m a lonely baby<br>
Sick and tired of love, I’m a lonely baby<br>
(Cough, cough, cough)<br>
I’m a sinner, I’m a cry baby<br>
I’m a sinner</em></p>
<p>The 2020 anthem we didn't know we needed</p>
<h3 id="warisintheair">War Is In the Air</h3>
<p><em>Put simply, someone's coming ..<br>
Someone's taking life<br>
A thousand feet up the sky<br>
Looks like it could be a golden note</em></p>
<p><em>War's been declared, time to assume battle<br>
An open ended string of commands<br>
Everything's been changed just feet above<br>
The ground beneath our feet<br>
Is shouting, burning hatred, war is on</em></p>
<p><em>Turning point is at hand, prepare yourself, have faith<br>
The enemy is lying to you, they're holding your heart hostage<br>
They're⎥Bomboy Provocateur, the five star wedding<br>
Neto, with roses in the middle of the night<br>
A million roses on the cactus in the park tonight</em></p>
<p><em>Minard ráns bien comprarona, na noire y exemplar<br>
McIntreyin la fin sa mía, manos o fido rényüdó…</em></p>
<p><em>I juntos a minha donde decis mar<br>
I que paso bailanas por favor<br>
Bandera como lo alimento con mi jardim<br>
Y el corazón de Moyo ávilla roja…<br>
Interés hoy la letra, flexil zawa jaulot ti<br>
En las cog­ns del Barrio y mismo armena demagro por u<br>
A priyando como tú me levrejendraj el corazón de Moyo…<br>
Y sabe será dulce saber que tanto las manos<br>
Cariño gastream<br>
En la barasañera donde &quot;de cuerpo del papito&quot; di pedro quemando mi</em></p>
<p>ABBA actually won the competition with a song about war with Waterloo, but this is not something we recommend.<br>
I have no idea if the Spanish(ish) actually means anything</p>
<h2 id="conclusion">Conclusion</h2>
<p>I don't think I'll be putting Tomas G:son out of a job quite yet - but I think there's a real chance that at least some of these songs could do better than the UK in the Final.</p>
<p>If you want to train your own GPT2 based model, then <a href="https://minimaxir.com/2019/09/howto-gpt2/">this tutorial from Max Woolf</a> is a great place to start.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Why Pride Matters - or at least, why it matters to me]]></title><description><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><p>On Saturday, I visited Brighton for Pride. I went there with my employer and the workplace LGBT+ network, my fiancé, friends who were LGBT+, and friends who weren't.</p>
<p>It's hard to describe a Pride event as large as Brighton to someone who hasn't been before. We joined a large parade</p></div>]]></description><link>http://chrsphr.co.uk/why-pride-matters-at-least-why-it-matters-to-me/</link><guid isPermaLink="false">5b67473f4fa0740dd8258bbf</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Chris Jennings]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Sun, 05 Aug 2018 19:40:20 GMT</pubDate><media:content url="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/08/IMG_20180805_203418-1.jpg" medium="image"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/08/IMG_20180805_203418-1.jpg" alt="Why Pride Matters - or at least, why it matters to me"><p>On Saturday, I visited Brighton for Pride. I went there with my employer and the workplace LGBT+ network, my fiancé, friends who were LGBT+, and friends who weren't.</p>
<p>It's hard to describe a Pride event as large as Brighton to someone who hasn't been before. We joined a large parade wearing t-shirts provided by work, along with copious amounts of glitter, face paint, whistles, banners, a couple of drag queens, etc. I also added fairy wings to my outfit, for effect.</p>
<p>The parade was a couple of miles long, right through Brighton town centre. Every inch of the route from the start to finish was packed with people. They filled the pavement, backing right up to the buildings behind. People climbed onto bus shelters, phone boxes and window ledges to see over the crowd. People would be seen hanging out first and second floor windows in some places. The crowd was so incredibly diverse - people of all ages, ethnicities, abilities, genders and sexualities.<br>
The most powerful thing about this incredible crowd is that they were all cheering, waving, clapping, smiling - every form of positive emotion was pouring out onto the streets of Brighton in an overwhelming, almost intoxicating atmosphere of joy.</p>
<p>If I were to go back in time, I'd love to tell 14 year old Chris that one day he'd marching through Brighton under a pride flag, wearing fairy wings, holding hands with his fiancé, holding a banner for his employer along with friends and colleagues as thousands of people cheered on.<br>
I think it would probably have helped a lonely, scared, insecure teenager know that one day, things were going to be fine.</p>
<hr>
<p>Some people say that we don't need Pride in the UK. We've got equal rights now - we should live in quiet dignity and not make a scene about it. I couldn't disagree more with these people. Firstly, equality is not a done deal. Our trans &amp; non-binary friends are still fighting for the very right to live their authentic lives. They face humiliation for things as simple as using the toilet, or trying to call up a company to pay a bill. They need our support more than ever - and is there a better way than taking to the streets to reminding people we <strong>are</strong> still here and we are <strong>not</strong> done yet?</p>
<p>Secondly, those that hate us for who we are will never be quiet, nor dignified. Even on the very day of Brighton Pride, walking through a shopping centre, a passer-by yelled ‘fag’ at me.</p>
<p>I'm very lucky - 1 in 5 LGBT+ people, and 2 in 5 trans people have experienced hate crimes <a href="http://https://www.stonewall.org.uk/comeoutforLGBT/lgbt-in-britain/hate-crime">in the last 12 months</a>. What's worse is, the majority of these crimes go unreported, especially amongst young people. If you shout abuse at someone because of their gender identity or sexuality, it <strong>is</strong> a crime.</p>
<p>For far too many people growing up LGBT+, it's too easy to hear and see the hate. To hear the comments in the schools. To see the lack of queer representation in TV in cinema. To witness their very right to exist being debated in 2018. It's too easy to think that they themselves are the problem, not the society around them.<br>
When I go out there and make scene, throw glitter and make some noise, I'm doing it to drown out the noise of those that say I can't. I'm doing it so I can show that love is the way forward, not hate. And that joy can be louder than anger.</p>
<hr>
<p>One thing that struck me at Brighton was the amount of parents bringing their young children along. But it made me think - how do you explain Pride to a young kid?<br>
The best I came up with is something like this:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>For a long time, the rules said that you were only allowed to love certain kinds of people in a certain way. But there were many people that loved others in many different ways. Everyone was very unkind to them, putting them in jail even though they didn't do anything wrong. Eventually, they managed to change the rules and now people are allowed to love who they want. Every year, they like to have a party to remind us that love is more powerful than hate, and that everyone should be allowed to be who they want be.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>How would you explain Pride to a child? I'd love to hear your suggestions.</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[January - Month in Review and the Jack Hills Zircons]]></title><description><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><p>What a month it has been for our young planet earth. In our timeline just 1 month has passed, but on Earth over 385 million years have elapsed.<br>
In this short time, we've witnessed the earth coalesce from a cloud of gas and dust into a planet. It started to</p></div>]]></description><link>http://chrsphr.co.uk/january-month-in-review/</link><guid isPermaLink="false">5a70c7725dc6cb5626835016</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Chris Jennings]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Tue, 30 Jan 2018 21:00:24 GMT</pubDate><media:content url="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/01/zircon-1.jpg" medium="image"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/01/zircon-1.jpg" alt="January - Month in Review and the Jack Hills Zircons"><p>What a month it has been for our young planet earth. In our timeline just 1 month has passed, but on Earth over 385 million years have elapsed.<br>
In this short time, we've witnessed the earth coalesce from a cloud of gas and dust into a planet. It started to cool and a core, mantle and crust to begin to differentiate. But things had barely got going before the planet was nearly destroyed in an unimaginably huge impact from a Mars sized object!</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">A cataclysmic impact occurs as a planet the size of Mars collides with the Earth. The vast amounts of material ejected in the impact coalesce and form the Earth&#39;s moon.<br>The Earth is left with a jaunty axial tilt, and a new companion.</p>&mdash; Earth (@YearOnEarth) <a href="https://twitter.com/YearOnEarth/status/950239405725356033?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 8, 2018</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<p>There are very few relicts from the crust during this time, but there’s one rocky outcrop in Australia that helps us tell the story of the early earth.<br>
The rocks in Jack Hills, Australia are old – really old. Approximately 3.0 billion years old. However, within the rock are grains of the hardy mineral zircon. The zircon crystals formed in magmatic intrusions in the crust a billion years previous. Eventually the crust was eroded away by the actions of water, and the mineral grains were washed into sedimentary deposits. The oldest grains in Jack Hills are 4.404 billion years, forming on the 11th of Jan on our recap.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">By now, a crust has began to form on the surface of the Earth. Minerals form as magma cools and crystallises, including the small but hardy mineral, zircon.<br>One zircon grain from this time survives, to be found many, many years later in Jack Hills, Australia.</p>&mdash; Earth (@YearOnEarth) <a href="https://twitter.com/YearOnEarth/status/951579537061699584?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 11, 2018</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<p>These remarkable crystals, smaller than grains of sand are all that remains of this unimaginably ancient time, but they tell us so much.</p>
<ul>
<li>They constrain the timing of the formation of the earth’s crust</li>
<li>they indicate recycling of rock, meaning some form of tectonic process had begun</li>
</ul>
<p>and most interestingly</p>
<ul>
<li>The earlier, recycled rocks had been in contact with liquid water at the surface, meaning primitive oceans may have already been formed</li>
</ul>
<p><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/01/zircon.jpg" alt="January - Month in Review and the Jack Hills Zircons"><br>
<em>Cathodoluminescence image of a 400-micron zircon - John Valley, University of Wisconsin</em></p>
<p>You can read more on the Jack Hills Zircons <a href="http://http://www.sci-news.com/geology/science-jack-hills-zircon-oldest-known-fragment-earth-01779.html">here</a>.<br>
Follow @YearOnEarth through February for some more <strong>really really old</strong> rocks and what they tell us about the earth</p>
</div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[@YearOnEarth]]></title><description><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><p>At midnight on the 31st of December 2017, I started a little project for the year:</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Following a shockwave from a nearby supernova, a cloud of interstellar gas began to collapse into a young T Tauri type star. <br>As the star grew, its gravity drew in more gas and dust.</p></blockquote></div>]]></description><link>http://chrsphr.co.uk/yearonearth/</link><guid isPermaLink="false">5a4a7a9a5dc6cb5626835012</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Chris Jennings]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 01 Jan 2018 18:18:12 GMT</pubDate><media:content url="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/01/Capture.PNG" medium="image"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="kg-card-markdown"><img src="http://chrsphr.co.uk/content/images/2018/01/Capture.PNG" alt="@YearOnEarth"><p>At midnight on the 31st of December 2017, I started a little project for the year:</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">Following a shockwave from a nearby supernova, a cloud of interstellar gas began to collapse into a young T Tauri type star. <br>As the star grew, its gravity drew in more gas and dust. As the gas and dust got denser, a process of runaway accretion began, forming primitive planets</p>&mdash; Earth (@YearOnEarth) <a href="https://twitter.com/YearOnEarth/status/947447163520417792?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 31, 2017</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<p>The aim of @YearOnEarth is to live tweet the entirety of the geological history of the earth compressed into the year of 2018.<br>
4.54 billion years - in 365 days.<br>
Earth's history is unimaginably vast but by telling the story in this medium, I hope to give some context to our planet's past.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-conversation="none" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">The history of this world begins with the Hadaen eon - starting at midnight on the 1st of January 2018 (UK time)</p>&mdash; Earth (@YearOnEarth) <a href="https://twitter.com/YearOnEarth/status/947447735741046784?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">December 31, 2017</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<p>Some numbers to put things in perspective:<br>
In <strong>one day</strong> of 2018 time, <strong>12.44 million years</strong> of earth time pass.<br>
In <strong>one hour</strong> of 2018, <strong>518,264 years</strong> will pass.<br>
In <strong>one minute</strong> of 2018, <strong>eight thousand years</strong> (or most of human history) will pass.<br>
And in just <strong>one second</strong>, you've witnessed the passage of <strong>143 years</strong>.</p>
<blockquote class="twitter-tweet" data-lang="en"><p lang="en" dir="ltr">This period is informally referred to as the &#39;cryptic era&#39;. Very little geological evidence exists of this time.<br>The earth looks very different right now. The planet is hot. The sparse crust is weak and thin. Impacts constantly pummel the surface, recycling any rocks that form.</p>&mdash; Earth (@YearOnEarth) <a href="https://twitter.com/YearOnEarth/status/947814828931997696?ref_src=twsrc%5Etfw">January 1, 2018</a></blockquote>
<script async src="https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" charset="utf-8"></script>
<p>Even with history passing at this rate, it will still be a long time before anything that most of us are familiar with will happen. You'll have your 2018 advent calendar up before dinosaurs walk the earth! However, the history of the early earth is still fascinating, and I hope to tell as much of its story as is known.</p>
<p>Finally, it's very important I point out that I am no expert in earth history, just an enthusiastic amateur geology graduate. Any comments, corrections or tips are greatly appreciated.<br>
You can direct message <a href="https://twitter.com/YearOnEarth">@YearOnEarth</a> on Twitter, or email me directly at:<br>
<a href="mailto:cmj2405@gmail.com">cmj2405@gmail.com</a></p>
</div>]]></content:encoded></item></channel></rss>